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60 años después, tres ancianos kenianos ganan en la Corte de Londres y buscan reescribir la historia.
En un reportaje que publica el diario "El País", Kahengeri, un Veterano de Guerra, declara las rémoras que allí dejaron los británicos a mediados del pasado siglo: "Gente discapacitada, sin propiedades; muchos de ellos torturados en campos de detención o en las prisiones..." Kahengeri, que llegó a ser diputado, recuerda cuando una oleada de británicos se trasladó a Kenia, entonces colonia inglesa, con la intención de hacerse con grandes extensiones de tierra y mano de obra nativa barata.
Otros supervivientes que ahora reclaman la revisión de la historia, citan el ritmo de vida de algunos colonos, de manera que muchos kenianos se vieron despojados de sus tierras y hasta precisaron de un permiso especial para circular por su propio país.
Juramento Mau Mau
Quienes entraban a formar parte de este grupo, realizaban un juramento haciendose un corte y bebiendo su propia sangre, además de otros líquidos elaborados con plantas del bosque.
El juramento les comprometía a guardar fidelidad, no informar sobre otros Mau Mau, y combatir al hombre blanco, al que veían como opresor y ocupante ilegal de sus tierras.
Otros supervivientes hablan de una ceremonia más sencilla donde se comprometían a luchar por la liberación de su tierra sin derramamiento de sangre.
La rebelión no tuvo éxito militarmente, pero ayudó a crear desconfianza entre los colonos blancos y el gobierno de Londres, lo que contribuyó a crear el clima que llevó a la independencia de Kenia en 1963.
La revisión de la historia
Aunque los británicos los describen como bárbaros que atacaban a los blancos y se mataban entre ellos, los historiadores han comenzado a revisar esta versión. Caroline Elkins, historiadora de la Universidad de Harvard, calcula que fueron hechos prisioneros más de 200.000 kenianos, millón y medio de personas fueron trasladadas a la fuerza a los "poblados protegidos". Más de 200.000 murieron durante la revuelta, frente a 100 británicos y 1800 africanos leales al régimen.
Gitu wa Kahengeri, presidente de la Asociación de Veteranos, y una de las personas que ahora reclama una revisión de la historia, ya lo deja bien claro:
"Fueron los británicos los que escribieron nuestra historia de la forma que ellos querían que fuera vista o escuchada".
Fuentes consultadas:
La Wikipedia
Cómo torturar a los Mau Mau, El País
The guardian
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